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100%
80% electricity generation Residential sector 60%
A greater challenge, however, is the refurbishment of the existing building stock, in particular how to nance the necessary invest- ments. Some member states are already pro-actively using struc- tural funds.The analysis projects that over the next decade invest- ments in energy-saving building components and equipment will need to be increased by up to €200 billion.
Several member states have already implemented smart nancing schemes, such as preferential interest rates for leveraging private sector investments in the most ef cient building solutions. Other private nancing models must be explored.
As in the transport sector, shifting energy consumption towards low-carbon electricity (including heat pumps and storage heaters) and renewable energy (e.g., solar heating, biogas, biomass), also provided through district heating systems, would help to protect consumers against rising fossil fuel prices and bring signi cant health bene ts.
Current policy
20%
agriculture (non-CO2)
0% Other sectors (non-CO2)
1990 2000 2010 2020
Fig. 2. eu GHG emissions – towards reducing eu emissions by 80% (100% = 1990)
Industry transport
40%
2030 2040 2050