Page 165 - AGC_EN_iBook

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tHe BuILDING’S uSe
the users
Internal thermal loads have a major in uence on heating and cool- ing requirements as well as on the feasibility of applying passive technologies in of ce buildings.The use pro le (number of build- ing occupants and breakdown of their activities over time) plays
a key role in determining cooling needs and consequently for system sizing.
Hot water
There is no system for producing or distributing hot water in the of ces. hot water availability is restricted to the reception area, showers, kitchen, restaurant bar, in rmary, changing rooms and restaurant.
Dress code and activity requirements
There is no dress code. Occupants may wear what they want, matching their clothing to the thermal conditions inside and/or outside the building.
Number of workstations in the of ces (max. occupation rate = 70%, see Figure 5) (10m2 per person including corridors)
meeting rooms (3 m2 per person, total of 154 persons)
Restaurant (± 3.5 m2/person)
Gallery (± 2.8 m2/person)
240
520
Winter
Clo max 1.0
1.2
Summer
Clo min 0.5
1.2
Floor 1
280
182
Floor 2 total
154 154
Clothing insulation (clo)
Clothing insulation (clo)
table 10. Clo and met levels
table 8. Number of workstations by oor and function in the of ces
The level of clothing insulation is de ned as a function of the slid- ing average daily outdoor temperature (de ned in standard EN 15251: 2007).
Dr Filip Descamps, engineer
1 - NBN eN 15255: 2007: energy performance of buildings – Sensible room cooling load calculation – General criteria and validation procedures.
2 - NBN eN 15251: 2007: Indoor environmental input parameters for design and assessment of energy performance of buildings addressing indoor air quality, thermal environment, lighting and acoustics.
3 - NBN eN 15193: 2008: energy performance of buildings – energy requirements for lighting.
4 - the g value of a wall, also known as the ‘solar factor’, de nes the energy transmittance of the wall.
5 - NBN eN 15232: 2012: energy performance of buildings – Impact of building automation, controls and building management.
6 -typical energy Consumption.
however, in order not to endanger the building’s functional dura- bility, the internal gains must not be overly determined by the needs of the rst user, but must also take a certain safety margin into account.
Of ce equipment
ENERGY STAR is the programme used to monitor the power con- sumption of of ce equipment during their life cycle.
182
512
Of ce equipment
Portable computer
External power supply
22’ monitor
Photocopiers and printers, TEC 2, 40 ppm, 20 users
Total
Total with safety margin (1.5)
teC6 Hours in use (h) Power (kWh/a) (W/user)
40 0.75 x (11/24) x (5/7) x 8,760 = 2,151 18.5
0.75 x (11/24) x (5/7) x 8,760 = 2,151
85 0.75 x (11/24) x (5/7) x 8,760 = 2,151
39.5
22.8 1.00 x (11/24) x (5/7) x 8,760 = 2,868 8.0
66.0
100.0
table 9. electrical power of of ce equipment (power consumption and internal loads)
The safety margin is only taken into account when perform- ing sizing calculations and not when calculating overall energy consumption.